西藏盐湖沉积物：一种潜在的铷、铯资源     

李庆宽  王建萍  樊启顺  秦占杰  蔚昊学  山发寿  袁秦  都永生 《地质学报》2023,97(10):3410-3420

铷、铯是我国战略性关键矿产资源。西藏盐湖卤水中赋存着丰富的铷、铯资源,但是品位普遍低于10 mg/L。根据热泉与盐湖锂、铷、铯等元素的补给关系和含量差异特征及铷、铯极易被黏土矿物吸附等特点,推测盐湖沉积物中赋存一定规模的铷、铯资源。为验证该推测,本文选取西藏拉果错、聂尔错、依布茶卡、当穹错、扎布耶茶卡等5个典型盐湖,采集卤水和沉积物样品各5件,开展水体中铷、铯含量和沉积物矿物成分分析,结合沉积物分相淋滤实验,得出如下结论：西藏拉果错、当穹错、聂尔错盐湖卤水铷、铯含量和资源量与其补给量差异显著,大量的铷、铯资源消耗于盐湖沉积物中;盐湖沉积物中的铷、铯含量远高于卤水。铷、铯在沉积物水溶相、碳酸盐相中含量较低,主要以吸附形式赋存于黏土矿物(主要为伊利石),吸附点位包括基面位置、难解吸的磨损边缘及层间位置。盐湖沉积物铷、铯资源量远超大型矿床规模,黏土矿物中铷、铯含量高达100 n×10-6,超过固体盐类矿产综合评价指标,相较于现有盐湖钾产品中的铷资源、含铯硅华中的铯资源开发,具有较好的开发利用性,是一种潜在的铷、铯资源。本研究成果有助于完善盐湖铷、铯富集成矿机制,并为高效开发盐湖中的铷、铯资源提供理论支撑。  相似文献   

各向异性介质转换波速度逐层单参数分析方法     

李勤  李庆春 《物探与化探》2011,35(2):270-273

转换波的时距曲线是非双曲线方程,由于介质的各向异性,使得转换波在实际地层中的传播更为复杂。针对各向异性介质中PSV转换波的速度分析展开讨论,鉴于各向异性介质的PSV波速度分析不能脱离PP波数据而单独进行,在学习前人研究成果的基础上,充分利用PP波速度分析的有效信息,对PSV转换波进行逐层单参数分析,在一定程度上简化了速度分析的程序,提高了速度分析的精度,并通过理论模型试算,验证了方法的正确性和可行性。  相似文献   

西太平洋——我国深海科学研究的优先战略选区   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

秦蕴珊  尹宏 《地球科学进展》2011,26(3):245-248

西太平洋是我国实施由浅海向深海发展战略的必经之地.从国家需求的角度来看,西太平洋海底资源丰富、海洋环境复杂,是维护国家权益的焦点、保障国防安全的屏障;从科学前沿的角度来看,西太平洋发育有独特的沟弧盆构造体系和弧后盆地热液系统,存有海底板块运动的遗迹和众多海山生态系统,更是"大洋传送带"冷暖水系的转换区.科学有序地进入西...  相似文献   

Sustainable yield of a karst aquifer system: a case study of Jinan springs in northern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Fengxin Kang  Menggui Jin  Pinrui Qin 《Hydrogeology Journal》2011,19(4):851-863

Based on the long-term monitoring data of rainfall, groundwater levels, groundwater abstraction, spring flow rates and groundwater quality, an assessment has been undertaken of the sustainable yield of a karst aquifer system in Shandong Province, northern China, to maintain perennial outflow of the karst springs while meeting water demands. One of the fundamental indicators for sustainable yield of groundwater is identified as maximum allowable water-level drawdown. A regional three-dimensional finite-difference numerical model has been developed to optimize the schemes associated with well fields and their locations and sustainable yields, in the Jinan spring catchment and its adjacent karst groundwater catchments, with the aim of maintaining the water level higher than the allowable lowest water level of 27.5?m above sea level. Furthermore, measures necessary to move towards sustainable use of the karst groundwater are outlined, drawing on contingency plans of water-source replacement and artificial recharge, dual water supply (based in water quality), use of the spring waters themselves, and groundwater quality protection.  相似文献   

页岩气开发水力压裂技术综述   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

唐颖  唐玄  王广源  张琴 《地质通报》2011,30(2)

世界页岩气资源丰富,但由于页岩地层渗透率很低,目前还没有广泛开发.水力压裂技术是页岩气开发的核心技术之一,广泛用于页岩储层的改造.介绍了水力压裂作业的压裂设计、裂缝监测、压裂液配制和添加剂选择,以及常用的压裂技术,包括多级压裂、清水压裂、同步压裂、水力喷射压裂和重复压裂.结合国外页岩气开发的实例和国内压裂技术的应用情况,分析了各种压裂技术的适用性.研究认为,清水压裂是现阶段中国页岩气开发储层改造的适用技术,开采长度(厚度)大的页岩气井,可以使用多级分段清水压裂技术.同步压裂技术是规模化的页岩气开发的客观需要.  相似文献   

An application of a new method in permafrost environment assessment of Muli mining area in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

Wei Cao  Yu Sheng  Yinghong Qin  Jing Li  Jichun Wu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(3):609-616

The permafrost environment in the Muli mining area, an opencast mining site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China, is now undergoing significant degradation because of the ongoing mining activities. The permafrost environment in this mining site had already been evaluated by previous study, in which analytic hierarchy process was applied. Although this method can roughly characterize the permafrost environment of this mining site, it has limitations by being easily affected by man-made factors. In view of this limitation, this study attempts to employ a new method, the catastrophe progression method, to estimate the current stage of the permafrost environment in this mining area. The results show that, by catastrophe progression method, currently the calculated indexes of the permafrost freezing–thawing disintegration, permafrost thermal stability, permafrost ecological fragility, and the permafrost environment are 0.43 (general situation), 0.77 (general situation), 0.71 (bad situation) and 0.83 (general situation), respectively. These values imply that the permafrost environment has been damaged by anthropologic activities to a certain degree and potentially may be further degenerated. However, at this degree, a new equilibrium stage of permafrost environment could be achieved if the current state of environmental degradation is stabilized and treatments are constructed against further damages.  相似文献   

元白咏物诗的题材特点     

王琴 《广东海洋大学学报》2011,31(2):52-57

咏物诗发展到唐代,题材不断扩展,元稹、白居易是其中有意识地拓展咏物诗题材的重要诗人。元白咏物诗分为咏动物、植物、器物、建筑、天文、地理、食物等8类,题材延伸到生活的各个领域,突出特点是拓展了对私人空间的描摹,对时政领域的抒写,形式方面也有突破,采用了寓言诗、一诗咏二物、组诗等表现手法。元稹、白居易在咏物诗的题材开拓上做出了贡献。  相似文献   

土壤碳循环研究进展及干旱区土壤碳循环研究展望   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

许文强  陈曦  罗格平  蔺卿 《干旱区地理》2011,(4)

土壤碳库动态及其驱动机制是陆地生态系统碳循环与全球变化研究的热点问题之一。随着各国对《京都议定书》的重视,农业土壤碳库变化及其源汇效应研究不断加强,但以往研究土壤碳循环主要是针对有机碳,较少考虑无机碳的作用和地位,干旱区土壤无机碳储量巨大,其在区域碳循环过程中的贡献日益显著,这使得干旱区土壤碳循环研究必须同时考虑土壤有机碳和无机碳的行为。国内外关于农业土壤有机碳动态的研究主要围绕农业土壤有机碳储量、固碳潜力等问题展开,研究区多为湿润、半湿润地区;国际上对农业土壤无机碳动态的研究主要集中在干旱区土地管理措施对土壤发生性碳酸盐碳的形成与转化方面,研究方法以稳定同位素技术为主,但目前关于中国干旱区农业土壤无机碳动态的研究还较为薄弱。因此,应加强干旱区绿洲土壤碳循环研究,深入分析干旱区绿洲土壤碳的源/汇效应;探讨土壤无机碳动态变化的机理。  相似文献   

新疆“百里、三十里风区”铁路沿线设计风速研究     

李红军  赵勇  霍文  何清  葛盛昌 《干旱区地理》2011,34(6):941-948

为使通过新疆“百里、三十里风区”的铁路抗风达到既安全又经济的目标,使用风区内气象站和铁路测风站风资料分析了风速风向的分布规律和两种站之间风速相关关系,采用极值Ⅰ型分布推算确定了铁路沿线合理的设计风速.研究表明:十三间房和达坂城是两风区平均风速和最大风速的最大站,年平均风速分别为5.4 m/s和6.1 m/s,10 mi...  相似文献   

Offshore Aggregates Resources on the Northern Continental Shelf of the East China Sea          下载免费PDF全文

Ya‐Chao Qin  Jinyu Yang  Xianhong Lan  Zhixun Zhang 《Resource Geology》2015,65(1):39-46

A large‐scale survey for offshore aggregates is carried out on the northern shelf of the East China Sea. Results show that most of them are directly exposed in the Yangtze Shoal and the linear sand ridges system at water depths 25–55 m and 60–120 m, respectively. The components of these deposits belong to fine aggregates in terms of the fineness modulus. The potential resources are as high as 147.8 × 10¹² kg for the Yangtze Shoal yet only 36.68 × 10¹² kg for the sand ridges area, respectively. A preliminary feasibility analysis suggests that the Yangtze Shoal is suitable for dredging under the present conditions of technology and economy.  相似文献